HIV Immunology

Innate defences inhibit HIV from spreading. HIV cannot pass through skin contact. HIV is spread by direct bodily fluid exchange. The most prevalent form of transmission is sexual intercourse. The immune system is pushed to its limits by HIV. When HIV enters the body, the immune system starts producing anti-HIV antibodies and cytotoxic T cells. However, it can take anywhere from one to six months for a person who has been exposed to HIV to produce detectable levels of antibodies. Memory T cells (CD4+ CCR5+) are eliminated, which weakens the immune response. In patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a number of immunologic abnormalities have been identified. A reduction in the quantity and function of CD4 helper/inducer T cells is the most noticeable symptom. Infection with human immunodeficiency viruses causes severe immunosuppression, which is responsible for the majority of the clinical symptoms of AIDS. Because the virus's primary target is the T4 lymphocyte, which is essential for creating and controlling the immunological response, the virus causes havoc with the immune system. Understanding the link between this abnormality and the occurrence of clinical difficulties can help with the treatment of HIV patients.

• HIV Transmission
• HIV Treatment
• HIV Prevention
• Safer Practices
• Chronic immune activation and inflammation
• Virus- Host Interactions
• HIV immunity and development of prophylactic vaccines